At the producer level, a key factor will be the effect of the CQA and the EMS on the cost structure of hog farms. [...] A certain percentage of valida- Figure 1: tors are audited to verify the On-farm food safety steps accuracy and consistency of the validation process and of the implementation of the whole Development of OFFS initiatives by the program. [...] Canadian association of producers The certification mechanism of Approval by the CFIA the CQA and the role of all par- ticipating parties is summarized Enrolment and formation of Provincial association of producers in Figure 1. Figure 1 is adapted from a document of the Union Third-party audit des Producteurs Agricoles (UPA) in Quebec and illustrates the Implementation on the farm interactions bet [...] Best Reduce monitoring and enforcement practices do not eliminate all risks costs Reduce product liability costsA Qualitative Assessment of the Benefits and Costs of On-Farm Food Safety and Environmental Farm Plans in the Pork Sector A Qu Identifying the benefits and costs of on-farm food safetyTable 4 identifies the private costs of implementing the CQA. [...] A Qualitative Assessment of the Benefits and Costs of On-Farm Food Safety and Environmental Farm Plans in the Pork Sector A Qu Identifying the benefits and costs of on-farm food safetyScenario 2: The situation would potentially be different if no exports of live hogs existed before implementing HACCP at the farm level.