Their leaders are effectively the principal shareholders in the global economy meeting with their executive board – the heads of the organizations responsible for keeping the global economic, finance and trade operating systems in working order. [...] Subsequent retaliation by trading partners and the prospect of further escalation risk significantly hampering trade and investment, and possibly the global economy.” The U. S. is also unhappy with the operation of the WTO itself, especially its dispute settlement. [...] A Canadian Primer to the G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan, June 28-29, 2019 Page 7 by Colin Robertson June 2019 A Canadian Primer to the G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan, June 28-29, 2019 The G20 filled a gap in the architecture of top-table meeting places at the UN and G7. [...] The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council – Russia, China, France, Britain and the U. S. – represent the world of 1945 and the early Cold War. [...] At the leadership level, the G20 complements the work of the other major financial and economic institutions.