The opinions and recommendations in this report, and any errors, are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funders of this report. [...] By December 2022, most industries in the “rest of the economy” had recouped their pandemic losses, with the exception of administrative services (-1.0 per cent), real estate (-0.5 per cent) and wholesale trade (-0.5 per cent).41 The respective change in employment in “rest of the economy” industries between 2019 and 2022 was roughly the same—at 5.7 per cent. [...] But in 2021 and 2022, the jobs on offer in sectors like professional services and the care economy caught up with the growing numbers of university-educated women, combining to push up their rates of employment to 82.5 per cent in 2022.53 The post-pandemic labour market also boosted the fortunes of university-educated men. [...] In 2020, women made up the majority of workers in the four industries that were especially hard hit by pandemic-related closures and, predictably, accounted for the majority of employment losses—both initially in 2020 at the height of the emergency and during the on-again- off-again recovery that followed. [...] The workers surveyed in the Manitoba case study noted the growing presence of private agency staff on the floors in long-term care facilities.93 Hospitals are turning to these same agencies to cover shifts—running up staffing costs exponentially to meet the demands of a growing population.94 It is important to note the significant role that immigration is playing in the expansion of the care econo.
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