Compensation and Damages in Investor-State Dispute Settlement

Table of Contents

• 1.0 Introduction 5
• 2.0 Compensation Standards in International Investment Agreements 6
• 3.0 Policy Options 7
• 3.1 Defining Compensable Loss 7
• 3.2 Future Profits and Income 8
• 3.3 Balancing, Equitable, and Offsetting Factors 9
• 3.4 Causation 10
• 3.5 Valuation Techniques 11
• 3.6 Interest 13
• 3.7 Evidentiary Questions 14
• 3.8 Disincentivizing Excessive Claims 16
• 4.0 Forms and Avenues to Implement the Options 17
• References 18
• Additional Bibliography 19