Unlocking Supply Chains for Localizing Electric Vehicle Battery Production in India

Table of Contents

• Table 1. Major companies planning cell manufacturing in India 17
• Table 2. Battery cell components and cost breakdown 22
• Table 3. Localization potential of cell components in India 34
• Table 4. Key equipment used in cell manufacturing and its function 36
• Table 5. Localization potential of equipment and machinery used in cell manufacturing in India 41
• Table A1. HS codes and descriptions for key battery manufacturing equipment 51
• Table B1. The localization potential for cell manufacturing machinery and equipment 53
• 1.0 Introduction 11
• 2.0 Current Global Battery Production 14
• 3.0 Current Battery Production in India 16
• 3.1 LiB Production 16
• 3.2 Battery Chemistries 19
• 4.0 Battery Components 21
• 4.1 Definitions 21
• 4.2 Global Production 23
• 4.3 Supply Chain Challenges 24
• 4.4 Geopolitical Challenges 30
• 4.5 Trade and Supply Chain of Battery Components 32
• 4.6 Localization Potential of Cell Components in India 33
• 5.0 Machinery and Equipment 35
• 5.1 Definitions 35
• 5.2 Global Production 37
• 5.3 Supply Chain Challenges 38
• 5.4 Trade Flows of Machinery and Equipment 39
• 5.5 Localization Potential 40
• 6.0 Policy Recommendations 42
• 6.1 Key Recommendations to Bolster India’s Cell Manufacturing Landscape 42
• References 46
• Appendix A. HS Codes and Descriptions for Key Battery Manufacturing Equipment 51
• Appendix B. Localization Potential of Cell Manufacturing Machinery and Equipment 53
• Figure 1. EV sales and penetration rate (globally and in key geographies) 11
• Figure 2. Two- and four-wheeler EV sales in India 12
• Figure 3. Geographical distribution of the EV battery value chain (2023) 14
• Figure 4. The forecasted future battery chemistry mix in India vs. global counterparts 19
• Figure 5. Components used in LiB manufacturing 21
• Figure 6. Cost breakdown of components for LFP and NMC batteries 23
• Figure 7. Lab-to-vehicle qualification timelines 26
• Figure 8. Announced LiB manufacturing capacity and expected demand in 2025 31
• Figure 9. India’s LiB cell imports 32
• Figure 10. Top five sources of battery component imports to India, 2022 33
• Figure 11. Cell manufacturing equipment across the EV value chain 35
• Figure 12. Key equipment suppliers by region 38
• Figure 13. Imports of key LiB machinery and equipment in India (trade value, USD million) 40
• Figure 14. Global share of scientific publications and patent applications by country/region 42