NORTH AMERICA 2.0 - Forging a Continental Future - Edited by Tom Long and Alan Bersin

In this respect, we are indebted for the generous willingness to engage over peri- ods, short and long—before and during the project—with us in this work as well as the for the signal contributions each of them has made to under- standing the concept, promise and pitfalls of North America. [...] heads of state gather for the 2022 North American Leaders Summit (NALS), they must grapple with the region’s place at an unprecedented conjuncture: economic uncertainties in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, political challenges to democracy in the United States and Mexico as elsewhere in the world, the hardening of geopolitical fault lines, and the aftershocks of the contentious renegotiation of. [...] The United States and Canada are among the wealthiest countries in the world, while Mexico, despite significant gains along most economic and social indicators over the past three decades, remains an emerging economy with a fraction of the average income per person as that in the United States and Canada. [...] The de facto concessions also included the “metering” of those seeking asylum at border ports of entry; the acceptance of immediate expul- sion to Mexico of some non-Central American individuals under Title 42; and the deployment of the National Guard to Mexico’s borders with both Guatemala and the United States.21 Even as the Trump administration, through a set of overlapping rules, programs, and. [...] The former two countries have formally signed and ratified most international instru- ments, promoted by the United Nations, that promote the respect of the human rights of migrants.25 By contrast, the Trump administration derided calls from the United Nations and human rights networks to protect the 26 Selee and Heredia rights of migrants and asylum seekers regardless of their immigration sta- tu.