Political Violence in Mexico´s 2024 Election - III. Gender-Based Political Violence Against Women - Mexican Cartels and the FTO Debate

The creation and approval between 2001 and 2019 of several regulations and institutions, such as the National Institute for Women (INMUJERES), the General Law for Equality between Women and Men (Ley General para la Igualdad entre Mujeres y Hombres), as well as the constitutional shift from gender quotas to gender parity, substantially contributed to strengthening the GBPVAW framework. [...] Carla Humphrey, INE´s Electoral Counselor and expert in political parties and gender, notes that in the 2024 elections, Mexico will have the greatest number of female candidates in the country's history. [...] The argument was that AMLO´s messages were made within the public debate and that his “harsh criticism" did "not necessarily refer to the complainant for her condition as a woman but for her political activity and aspirations." However, the case was escalated to the Electoral Tribunal (TEPJF) in August 2023, which unanimously reversed INE’s previous decision and ordered it to include a GBVAWP pers. [...] The Electoral Tribunal has also been a critical player in the fight against GBPVAW, especially with the publication in September 2023 of the "Gender-based political violence against women in electoral justice" book, which establishes state-of-the-art standards and compiles all rulings issued from 2015 to 2022 related to gender-based political violence. [...] Faithful execution of the responsibilities of the INE and the Electoral Tribunal as electoral referees will be crucial to responding to and preventing GBPVAW.