The world has seen many transitions in the past, from automation to the decline or relocation of entire industries that led to job losses and the economic decline of regions. [...] Politics Matter—The need for an analysis of the political economy Analyzing the political economy context—who the stakeholders are and their interests and level of influence in a political process—is often the key. [...] Figure 1. Support for renewable energy, level of engagement and influence of stakeholders in Indonesia The size of the bubbles represents the level of Presidency engagement of the group in promoting renewable energy technologies in Indonesia. [...] This might include the quality of work; lived experiences and bottlenecks around unemployment and re-employment; the social and psychological significance of declining sectors to individuals and communities; and viable programs for matching unemployed workers with new opportunities, taking into account factors such as professional skills, geographic location and labour demand in the energy and non [...] It is important to be clear about the need to phase out—and its inevitability: there needs to be a clear and credible signal about the negative aspects of continuing with business-as-usual, and of the political will to change course.