Informed decision making

The type of information provided, the communication methods, and the degree of effort expended to ensure the information received, varies in relation to the risks involved. [...] The objective for the casual gambler is to promote basic gambling literacy, for the frequent gambler self-awareness of one’s gambling and for the intensive gambler to provide cautionary information and to raise awareness of options to reduce risk. [...] As another example, the FDA requires cautionary information to be categorized according to the relative severity of the hazard and the degree to which the risk has been substantiated. [...] Regulations around smoking generally seek to ensure that labels are highly visible and noticeable by stipulating minimum requirements for how much of the package surface the warning should cover, the location of the messages on the package, and size and colour of the fonts (Hammond, 2007; O’Hhegarty et al., 2006). [...] The FDA Act states that the information must ‘‘be conveyed to the public in a manner which enables the public to readily observe and comprehend such information and to understand its relative significance in context of a total daily diet’’ (cited in Trumbo & Shimakawa, 2009).