Over the past year, under the direction of the Panel, and through the research of the Institute, our work focused on the necessary components of a truly innovative economy. [...] The Panel and the Institute thank all of the experts within and outside of the Ontario government consulted for this Annual Report. [...] In this Annual Report, the Panel examines how Ontario has fared since the recession from two perspectives: economically, using the prosperity gap to measure the competitiveness of Ontario’s workers and businesses, and also by looking at issues of well-being in order If economic output was the sole to consider the overall welfare of Ontarians. [...] If low productivity remains the main driver of the prosperity gap between Ontario and its peer jurisdictions, then innovation and trade are ways that can move the needle, and help Ontario recover from the downturn in some of the aspects of the prosperity gap. [...] In 2017, global markets.19 Ontario underperformed compared to the rest of the prov- inces in interprovincial exports to GDP; that is, the ratio of the Patents.