This report describes the key concepts of Western science and the principles and processes of Adaptive Management, followed by a discussion of Indigenous and Western science perspectives on Adaptive Management in EAs. The report concludes with a comparison of the similarities and differences in Indigenous and Western science perspectives on Adaptive Management. Finally, the report offers recommendations if the Agency decides to invest in true collaborative, crosscultural relationships, including: (1) development of a terminology guide; (2) development and testing of reciprocal knowledge exchange protocols for local Indigenous and Western science knowledge holders; (3) the compilation of specific practical examples of Adaptive Management (generally, and specifically for EAs); and (4) support of cooperative work with willing Indigenous communities as equal partners in EA test projects for application of Adaptive Management.