The purpose of the conference was to identify the important issues, challenges and unmet needs in the area of inflammation research within the broader theme of chronic disease. [...] The consensus coming out of the conference will aid in the further development of the CIHR Roadmap Signature Initiative in Inflammation and Chronic Disease. [...] CIHR Inflammation in Chronic Disease Signature Initiative - p. 5 Recognizing the need for research and collaboration in this area, the CIHR Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis (IMHA) in partnership with the CIHR Institutes of Infection and Immunity (III), Cancer Research (ICR), Circulatory and Respiratory Health (ICRH), and Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes (INMD), is leading a new [...] Beaudet welcomed participants to the conference on behalf of CIHR and thanked them for accepting the invitation to engage in deliberations that will help CIHR determine the path forward in efforts to reduce the burden of chronic disease in Canada –. one of the priorities outlined in CIHR’s strategic plan entitled “Health Research Roadmap: Creating innovative research for better health and health c [...] Workshop participants identified the following focus areas for research: the role of inflammation in cancer, the role of the human microbiome in cancer and anti-tumour immunity and immunotherapy.