Canada has long served as a fundraising and logistics hub for dozens of global terrorist organizations as well as an occasional target for attacks. In recent years, both Canada and the United States have also seen an increase in the number of cases of homegrown extremism and radicalization amongst various diaspora communities, involving recent immigrants as well as second and third generation residents and citizens. Diaspora communities have a long history of producing violence in Canada and can rapidly import conflict to Canada's shores. The most notorious example is the simultaneous set of bombings aimed at Air India that killed 331 people - the most lethal terrorist incident prior to 9/11.