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177 January 2019 CANADIAN ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENERGY OF METHANE EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE NATURAL GAS SUPPLY CHAIN Canadian Energy Research Institute | Relevant • Independent • Objective E conomic and Environmental Impacts of Methane Emissions Reduction i in the Natural Gas Supply Chain ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF METHANE EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN THE NATU. [...] Due to the nature of the devices used and the activities involved in natural gas production and supply, some of the gas may be vented or flared as part of normal operation of gas supply networks. [...] (2013) studied the methane January 2019 6 Canadian Energy Research Institute emissions from pumps and pneumatic controllers in the production sites of different regions including the Appalachians, the Gulf Coast, Midcontinent, and the Rocky Mountains in the US. [...] The closer the end-user is to the gas station, the lower the operating pressure and the smaller the pipe size. [...] Workovers The gas flow from a well decreases over time because, as the quantity of gas in the well decreases, so does the well pressure that forces the gas up to the surface.