Given the forth by military applications of AI has prompted breadth of the current and potential effects of governments and international organizations to military AI applications, some governments and formulate norms that would steer the development international organizations have started formulating and use of AI toward adherence with fundamental norms to steer the responsible development and l. [...] 300 — September 2024 • Tim Sweijs and Sofia Romansky → the difficulty of controlling the inputs that go Challenges to into AI applications; International Norm → the diversity of actors involved throughout the AI life cycle; Development for AI → the challenge of identifying military uses of AI; in the Military Domain → the perception of AI as crucial to attaining a competitive advantage in intersta. [...] 3 Explainability and To maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of the use traceability of AI in the military domain, sufficient understanding and transparency of systems, inputs and outputs is needed. [...] The overlap with the study is found in the and the saturation of specific embedded norms, “lawfulness” cluster, corresponding to what was labelled “accordance in both current initiatives and wider academic with international law” and the categories of “responsibility and accountability.” Other concepts were clustered and labelled differently, and professional literature. [...] While in Treaties such as the The Hague Conventions and most areas covered by international law, these the Geneva Convention, and potentially relevant principles are practically a given, the autonomy corresponding articles such as article 36 of the and algorithmic nature of AI have the potential Additional Protocol I of the latter,15 are typically to even “defy the human-centred foundation of not.
- Pages
- 38
- Published in
- Canada
Table of Contents
- International Norms Development and AI in the Military Domain 1
- Tim Sweijs and Sofia Romansky 1
- International Norms Development and AI in the Military Domain 3
- Tim Sweijs and Sofia Romansky 3
- Table of Contents 5
- About the Authors 6
- Acronyms and Abbreviations 6
- Executive Summary 7
- Introduction 7
- The Use and Utility of International Norms 9
- International Norms Definition Function and Pathways 9
- Conditions Favouring Norm Propagation 9
- Challenges to International Norm Development for AI in the Military Domain 11
- Challenge 1 AI as an All-Purpose Technology 12
- Challenge 2 The Variety of Inputs that Go into AI Applications 12
- Challenge 3 The Diversity of Actors Involved in the AI Chain 13
- Challenge 4 The Difficulties of Verifying the Use of AI in the Military Domain 13
- Challenge 5 The Role of AI in Interstate Strategic Competition 13
- Challenge 6 The AI Power Paradox 14
- International Norms on AI in the Military Domain Taking Stock of a Crowded Landscape 14
- An Assessment of Strengths and Weaknesses in International Norms for AI in the Military Domain 19
- Accordance with International Law 19
- Responsibility and Accountability 21
- Explainability and Traceability 22
- Bias and Harm Mitigation 24
- Reliability 25
- Governability 25
- Exchange of Practices 26
- Conclusions and Recommendations 27
- Acknowledgements 28
- Works Cited 29
- Annex 35
