Toward  a  Media  Regulatory  Reform  in  Middle  East  and  North  Africa:

The   Nuremburg   Tribunal,   which   was   established   after   World   War   II,   recognised   this   by   trying   Julius   Streicher,   the   publisher   of   a   major   newspaper   affiliated   with   the   Nazi   regime. [...]   The   International     Convention     on     the     Elimination     of     all     Forms     of     Racial     Discrimination    (CERD),  adopted    by    the    UN    General    Assembly    in    1965,  identifies   four  kinds  of  hate  speech:     1. [...]         CERD,  as  well  as  international  human  rights  law  more  broadly,  recognises  that  like   all   limitations   on   freedom   of   expression   hate   speech   restrictions  must   be   drafted   according   to   the  established  standards  of  being  clearly  enumerated   in   law,  strictly   necessary   to   achieve   their   aim   and   proportional   to   that   aim   and   min. [...]     In   terms  of   the   proscribed   results,   statements  which   incite   actual   violence   clearly   qualify,   although   it   is   worth   noting   that   most   countries   have   general   rules   prohibiting  any  incitement  to  commit  crimes. [...]     A   Joint   Statement   by   the   UN,   OSCE   and   OAS   Special   Mandates   on   the   right   to   freedom   of   expression   set   out   several   conditions   for   hate   speech   legislation,   including  that  it  should  not  penalise  statements  which  are  true,  that  it  should  not  be   imposed   via   prior   censorship,   that   the   right   of   journalists   to   make.