SIPRI Yearbook 2021, Summary

In 2020 success in regaining control of about one- it was again not possible to bridge the third of Nagorno-Karabakh and most of the fundamental disagreements among the adjacent territories by the time the fighting parties about the nature of the conflict and subsided. [...] Based on the displaced persons, Turkey’s role in the situation in Ukraine at the end of 2020, the implementation of the agreement, and indications are that the conflict will the future of the Minsk Process of the probably become another of Europe’s Organization for Security and Co-operation persistent unresolved conflicts. • in Europe. [...] North Africa and the armed conflict in Libya Yemen North Africa is undergoing a convergence Despite attempts mediated by the United of crises, with negative spillover onto the Nations to end the civil war in Yemen, the stability of neighbouring states in the armed conflict there continued throughout eastern Mediterranean and sub-Saharan the year, further exacerbating one of the Africa. [...] The fate has brought to the fore the tension between of New START remained in the balance due nuclear disarmament and nuclear deter- to the different approaches and goals of the rence: while civil society and many non- two sides: Russia focused on preserving the nuclear weapon states welcomed the entry treaty, while the USA sought to convince into force of the treaty, the nuclear weapon China—with. [...] The imposed and the UN embargo on the supply two main developments were the establish- of major arms to Iran and exports of any ment of the Diversion Information arms from Iran expired, although other Exchange Forum and the accession of aspects of the embargo remained in place.