Likewise, the victims of Russian suppression efforts include Chechen citizens residing in Turkey, and it is well-docu- mented that Saudi dissidents Jamal Khashoggi and Omar Abdulaziz were targeted by the Saudi regime.15 Despite the severity of the threat to the rights and freedoms of activists and dissidents outside their country of origin—as well as to democracy and the rule of law more gener- al. [...] Indeed, the frequent extraterritorial application of spyware technology against diaspora groups and other ‘hostile’ civil society actors beyond the physical reach of the state—some of which even incorporate ICT infrastructure in the jurisdiction of the target—raises serious questions about the resolve of governments to protect citizens from foreign espionage and information operations, and what so. [...] Support the Victims of Digital Transnational Repression y Create a dedicated government agency that is independent from CBSA, CSIS, or law enforcement to provide support for victims of transnational repression and to conduct research to better understand the scale and impact of these activities on the exercise of human rights in Canada.108 Ensure that government institutions coordinate how they ad. [...] In particular, such digital targeting has a serious impact on the well-being of victims, undermines their ability to engage in transnational advocacy work, violates fundamental rights such as the right to privacy, freedom of expression, and peaceful assembly, and increases the dangers faced by their family members and friends who remain within the country of origin. [...] At the same time, the growth of the surveillance market and the continued spread of digital technologies around the globe mean that the phenomenon of digital transnational repression is likely going to grow in scale and impact.
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