Jurisdiction

IISD provides insights on aspects of World Trade Organization (WTO) members' plastics that have created friction with trading partners and suggests recommendations for the adoption of such policies in the …

the problem of plastic pollution in their own jurisdiction. Recommendations for Policy-makers Timing and …

This policy brief explores the implications of the 15% global minimum tax on special economic zones, offering comprehensive guidance for governments to reform tax incentives and ensure these zones attract …

enterprises (MNEs) pay a minimum level of tax in each jurisdiction where they operate (OECD, 2023). The rules … the effective tax rate (ETR) incurred in each jurisdiction (OECD, 2023). Where the ETR amounts to less … incentives because of some specificity in their jurisdiction, they should be simple and transparent, ensuring … the MNE group’s excess profits in that low-tax jurisdiction up to the 15% ETR rate. This top-up tax is … is either collected by the low-tax jurisdiction itself, under a so-called qualified domestic minimum top-up …

From 1650 to 1750 the provision of medical care for injured seamen in the Royal Navy underwent a major transformation, shifting from care provided by civilians in private homes to …

navy, yet not entirely under the Admiralty’s jurisdiction. Restoration-era commissioners’ duties were …

ESG investing incorporates environmental (E), social (S), and governance (G) considerations into investment decisions. Until recently, ESG-themed investing comprised an increasing share of investments made by professional money managers and …

beyond gender. This has made Canada the first jurisdiction in the world to mandate such comprehensive …

Throughout the twentieth century in the lands of Yugoslavia, socialists embarked on multiple projects of supranational unification. Sensitive to the vulnerability of small nations in a world of great powers, …

states’ wealth, power, and strategic capacity to jurisdiction over an expan- sive territory that could supply …

These notes summarize the sources, definitions, strengths and limitations of the data available.

surgery using encrypted health card number, jurisdiction issuing the health card, joint type (hip or … Equity stratification analysis: Data sources, jurisdiction coverage and number of records Category Measures … Linked health data analyses: Data sources and jurisdiction coverage Correlation Data sources linked together …

Since the first edition of this popular text was published in 1984, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms has transformed the role of the courts in Canadian politics. Addressing current …

supremacy within their respective spheres of jurisdiction. Accordingly, until 1982 Canada followed the … law which governs other citizens or from the jurisdiction of the ordinary tribunals; there can be with … with the Rule of Law that prevails in this jurisdiction.” In other words, no administration has the …

How could Alberta make it easier for skilled tradespeople to become certified teachers

federal states, so regulations vary from one jurisdiction to another within their national borders, but … federal states, standards and regulations vary by jurisdiction. For instance, California, Idaho, and Utah do … teaching. Given that Norway is the top-ranked jurisdiction globally for vocational education, it is reasonable …

In 2024, the average Canadian family will earn $147,570 in income and pay an estimated $65,766 in total taxes (44.6%). If the average Canadian family had to pay its taxes …

true average of all families in a particular jurisdiction. Rather, the average income is determined by …

Voting Online investigates the effects of cyber elections by looking at how adoption of online voting affects attitudes towards democracy, who uses and who benefits from the voting mode, the …

population4 while the remainder of voters in a given jurisdiction often use traditional paper ballots, cast in-person … voters in regular elections or in the context of Jurisdiction Year(s) adopted Type Eligibility Ontario 2003–current … purpose of municipal governments within their jurisdiction. In Ontario, that legislation is the Municipal …