This report outlines the Department of National Defence's approach to moral and ethical decision making outlined in the Defence Ethics Program (DEP), and considers the scientific and military research pertaining to moral and ethical decision making. This work discusses the various conceptual definitions of morality and ethics, and explores the Defense Ethics Program in detail. The DEP argues that several factors influence oral and ethical decision making, which are reviewed. Following this, both formal and informal CF training mechanisms that address moral and ethical decision making are explored. The second part of this review considers the academic and military literature relevant to moral and ethical decision making.