North Africa
North Africa or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in the west, to Egypt's Suez Canal. Varying sources limit it to the countries of Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia, a region that was known by the French during colonial times as "Afrique du Nord" and is known by Arabs as the Maghreb ("West", The western part of Arab World).The United Nations definition includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, and the …
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CIGI: Centre for International Governance Innovation · 14 March 2014 English
developing regions, there is further room for improvement on achieving the goals of CBI in North Africa. CBI in North Africa can be strengthened by promoting a learning culture and technocratic values within the …
POLICY BRIEF CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE IN NORTH AFRICA BESSMA MOMANI AND SAMANTHA ST. AMAND INTRODUCTION … on achieving the goals of CBI in North Africa. • CBI in North Africa can be strengthened by promoting … Offering the first policy study on CBI in North Africa since the uprisings, this brief argues in favour … relationship. 3 CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE IN NORTH AFRICA WWW.CIGIONLINE.ORG POLICY BRIEF NO. 36 MARCH … the de jure independence of central banks in North Africa. A number of legal scores or indices are available …
Citizen Lab, Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto · 31 May 2013 English
Before the Guardian Council's official announcement on the list of nominees for the upcoming presidential election, the Committee to Determine Instances of Criminal Content stated that the publication of unofficial …
The Citizen Lab Middle East and North Africa CyberWatch: May 2013 A biweekly report on trends in online … operations, and Internet use in the Middle East and North Africa Table of Contents Censorship (pages 1-2) EGYPT … https://citizenlab.org/2012/08/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyber-watch-july-28-august-10-2012/#censorship … q=https%3A%2F%2Fcitizenlab.org%2F2012%2F11%2Fmiddle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-november-3-16%2F%23censorship&sa … q=https%3A%2F%2Fcitizenlab.org%2F2013%2F04%2Fmiddle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-march-2013%2F%23blogger&sa=D&snt …
CIGI: Centre for International Governance Innovation · 5 August 2011 English
the state, and the role in many shapes and sizes. [...] ORG SECURITY SECTOR TRANSFORMATION 9 IN NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST THE CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE INNOVATION eDIALOGUE SUMMARY REPORT … cooperate to assist reason to have a counter-argument for such a statement transition states in North Africa and the Middle East as it is from a normative sense very much in line with by developing common …
August 2011 Security Sector Transformation in North Africa and the Middle East Mark Sedra and Geoff Burt … CIGIONLINE.ORG SECURITY SECTOR TRANSFORMATION IN NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST INTRODUCTION As the Arab … on SSR’s application in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), in particular, local ownership, timing … CIGIONLINE.ORG SECURITY SECTOR TRANSFORMATION IN NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST ONGOING DISCUSSIONS CAN … CIGIONLINE.ORG SECURITY SECTOR TRANSFORMATION IN NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST WHAT POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS …
Citizen Lab, Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto · 2 April 2013 English
The government is moving toward greater restrictions on the use of social media, including finding means to end the anonymity of Twitter users through the registration of personal identification. [...] …
The Citizen Lab Middle East and North Africa CyberWatch: March 2013 A biweekly report on trends in online … operations, and Internet use in the Middle East and North Africa Table of Contents Censorship and Filtering … Filtering (pages 1-2) MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA, IRAN, EGYPT, SAUDI ARABIA Surveillance (page 2) IRAN … MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA, SYRIA, IRAN Technology (pages 4-5) MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA, IRAN CENSORSHIP … CENSORSHIP AND FILTERING MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA: Reporters Without Borders releases its Enemies of …
CLD: Centre for Law and Democracy · 26 May 2014 English
In the United States, the Supreme Court has steadfastly struck down legislative attempts to prohibit blasphemy out of concern that there would be a natural tendency to favour one religion …
Regulatory Reform in Middle East and North Africa: Workshop on Criminal Restrictions on …
Citizen Lab, Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto · 27 February 2013 English
This decision, as announced by the Commission to Determine the Instances of Criminal Contents (CDICC) was done following the order of the Prosecutor of Tehran, without the involvement [Farsi] of …
The Citizen Lab Middle East and North Africa CyberWatch: February 2013 A monthly report on trends in … operations, and Internet use in the Middle East and North Africa Table of Contents Censorship and Surveillance … https://citizenlab.org/2012/09/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-september-8-september-21/#censorship … https://citizenlab.org/2013/01/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-january-2013/#blogger http://www … Read previous editions of the Middle East and North Africa Cyber Watch. 5 http://itiran.com/?type=news&id=19966 …
Citizen Lab, Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto · 8 July 2013 English
Suggestions have been made online that the government's push to curtail use of these applications is partially meant to eliminate platforms that are difficult for the state to monitor, as …
The Citizen Lab Middle East and North Africa CyberWatch: June 2013 A monthly report on trends in online … operations, and Internet use in the Middle East and North Africa Table of Contents Featured News IRAN Censorship … https://citizenlab.org/2013/05/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-may-2013/#censorship http://www.radiofarda … https://citizenlab.org/2013/04/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-march-2013/#blogger http://www.reuters … Read previous editions of the Middle East and North Africa CyberWatch. 5 http://english.alarabiya.net/ …
CLD: Centre for Law and Democracy · 26 May 2014 English
The Nuremburg Tribunal, which was established after World War II, recognised this by trying Julius Streicher, the publisher of a major newspaper affiliated with the Nazi regime. [...] The International …
Regulatory Reform in Middle East and North Africa: Workshop on Criminal Restrictions on …
CLD: Centre for Law and Democracy · 26 May 2014 English
Civil rules are sufficient to protect reputations, are less harsh in nature and are less susceptible of being abused. [...] One is that the statement in question was true, since …
Regulatory Reform in Middle East and North Africa: Workshop on Criminal Restrictions on …
Citizen Lab, Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto · 6 May 2013 English
After the story was removed from the Baztab-e Emrooz website, others such as Digarban [Farsi] and Balatarin [Farsi] circulated the story, leading Baztab to once again publish the report on …
The Citizen Lab Middle East and North Africa CyberWatch: March 2013 A biweekly report on trends in online … operations, and Internet use in the Middle East and North Africa Table of Contents Censorship and Filtering … https://citizenlab.org/2013/04/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-march-2013/#censorship http://www … https://citizenlab.org/2013/04/middle-east-and-north-africa-cyberwatch-march-2013/#blogger http://imadiddinehabib … Read previous editions of the Middle East and North Africa Cyber Watch. 5 http://www.nytimes.com/2013/ …
