Public Debt

Government debt, also known as public interest, public debt, national debt and sovereign debt, contrasts to the annual government budget deficit, which is a flow variable that equals the difference between government receipts and spending in a single year. The debt is a stock variable, measured at a specific point in time, and it is the accumulation of all prior deficits. Government debt can be categorized as internal debt (owed to lenders within the country) and external debt (owed to foreign lenders). Another common division of government debt is by duration until repayment is due. Short term debt is generally …

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Publications

CDA: Conference of Defence Associations Institute · 8 March 2024 English

The Second World War gave birth to the Atlantic Charter, the UN Charter, the Paris Peace Treaties, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Fourth Geneva Convention, and the Genocide …

supervision and fewer balance of payments crises. Public debt crises have been muzzled. Per capita incomes


CDA: Conference of Defence Associations Institute · 7 March 2024 English

The Second World War gave birth to the Atlantic Charter, the UN Charter, the Paris Peace Treaties, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Fourth Geneva Convention, and the Genocide …

supervision and fewer balance of payments crises. Public debt crises have been muzzled. Per capita incomes


MEI: Montreal Economic Institute · 4 March 2024 English

Viewpoint showing that the government should set up an expenditure review committee to reduce the rate of spending increases in order to improve its financial health

budget will have adverse ef- fects on Quebec’s public debt. $150 THE RETURN TO BUDGETARY BALANCE $145 SCENARIO


Canadian Council for International Cooperation · 28 February 2024 English

Concur- rently, the world is witnessing the rise of the far right, a trend increasingly accompanied by the repression of rights and freedoms and the shrinking of civil society space. …

healthcare, pensions, entitlement programmes and public debt. On the other hand, in younger economies, governments


Childcare Resource and Research Unit · 20 February 2024 English

how early learning and child care is organized in canada: roles and responsibilities As the previous section describes, Canada has recently begun to develop Canada- wide policy to address provision …

identified certain powers as federal powers, such as public debt, the criminal code, regulation of trade and commerce


Childcare Resource and Research Unit · 15 February 2024 English

We publish Early childhood education and care in Canada 2021 in what is known as downtown Toronto which is the land of the Anishinaabeg and the Haudenosaunee peoples, the Huron-Wendat …

identified certain powers as federal powers, such as public debt, the criminal code, regulation of trade and commerce


C.D. Howe Institute · 13 February 2024 English

Howe Institute’s 2024 Shadow Federal Budget will reduce the pressure of federal spending and borrowing on Canada’s economy, improve the equity and effectiveness of federal programs, and make room for …

did it acknowledge the implications of high public debt for future taxes, economic growth, fiscal sustainability federal improvement in the quality of federal public debt-to-GDP ratio back at or below that level. This Ageing annuities within a TFSA. Lowering the public debt burden will help The ageing of the Canadian population


Fraser Institute · 13 February 2024 English

Canada has seen a deterioration in the federal government’s fiscal situation since 2015. A distinct lack of spending restraint has resulted in a string of large budget deficits, which have …

Large budget deficits have become the norm, public debt and debt interest costs are rising, and annual Finally, the effect of high and increasing public debt on economic growth should not be understated drivers of an economy’s output, high levels of public debt act to slow economic growth and, consequently discussions on the nega- tive relationship between public debt and economic growth. Additionally, see Ardagna discussions on the positive relationship between the public debt and interest rates. fraserinstitute.org 11 Plans


Fraser Institute · 13 February 2024 English

Canada has long been critiqued for its lackluster defence spending. Multiple US presidents, ambassadors, and most recently a senator, have called out Canada’s “feeble commitment” to defence spending (McCarten, 2023). …

spending has been financed primarily through public debt. The Trudeau government has run deficits every


Fraser Institute · 8 February 2024 English

Western countries including Canada can learn from Singapore’s pro-growth policies, which have helped transform Singapore from a comparatively poor country in 1965, when it gained independence, into one of the …

Notably, the government’s interest payment on public debt is quite low. It has no external debt. Its domestic


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